
Discus ray
Concave front margin and dark preorbital marks.
A grey to light-brown disc bears irregular dark marks, with a more evident median front-margin concavity in adults. Most specimens have paired large preorbital blotches.
- Adult size
- Up to 80 cm (disc width)
- Natural habitat
- Common in shallow areas and near river banks.
Males reach 60.3cm DW, so it is no small-tank fish. Avoid contact with the sting.
Appearance and identification
Old "discus ray" labels now cover several separate species, so check locality, lateral tail spines and other morphology together.
Floor and movement space
Allow for the adult disc, complete tail and turning routes.
Aquarium environment
The broad disc needs open floor and turning routes.
Compatibility limits
Small fish or bottom companions are not automatically safe; watch for harassment of the disc and tail.
Sources
researcharchive.calacademy.org ↗ 2026-10-22
www.fishbase.se ↗ 2026-10-25
new.scielo.br ↗ 2026-10-22
new.scielo.br ↗ 2026-10-22
cites.org ↗ 2026-10-22
doi.org ↗ 2026-10-22
www.mapress.com ↗ 2026-10-22
